Congealable liquid conditioning device



March 14, 1944. A. c. HOFFMAN CONGEALABLE LIQUID CONDITIONING DEVICEFiled Aug. 25, 1941 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 March 14, mm. A, c, HOFFMAN2343,86?

CONGEALABLE LIQUID CONDITIONING DEVICE Filed Aug. 25, 1941 2Sheets-Sheet 2 w? @W INVENTOR- H ATTORNEY.

. 1 I III I Patented Mar; 14, 1944 CONGEALABLE LIQUID CONDITIONINGDEVICE Allan f C. Hofiman, Dayton,

Ohio, assignor to United Aircraft Products, 1110,, Dayton, Ohio, acorporation of Ohio Application August 25, 1941, Serial No, 408,152

(or. ear-a) 15 Claims.

This invention pertains to a congealable liquid conditioning device, andparticularly to a heat exchange unit for use in a lubricant conditioningsystem wherein lubricant is quickly brought to the desired viscosity andtemperature for most eflicient and economical use and thereaftermaintained in such condition. While the invention will be hereinafterdescribed as a part of the lubricant conditioning system of an aircraftengine, it will be understood that it is not limited thereto but iscapable of application in connection with other systems and devicesutilizing a congealable liquid and of which a heat exchange unit forms apart.-

Due to the development of high horsepower motors, and especially such asare used in air-- planes and tanks, and more recent types of automobilesand ats, it has been found desirable to condition he lubricating oil tothe proper temperature and viscosity for most eflicient and economicalfunctioning and use in a minimum of time. As the operating parts of suchmotors function at a high rate ofspeed from initial starting, it isimportant that all moving parts thereof be properly lubricated from thatmoment, or as near to such moment as possible. The rate of oil flow toand over the parts to be lubricated is directly proportional to theviscosity of the oil.

Lubricating oils are quite sensitive to thermal change and tend tothicken or congeal throughout the circulatory system, and particularlyin the radiator or heat exchange unit when the motor or other apparatuswith which, the system is used is at rest, or is functioning idly as,for example, during an airplane glide. The flow of (-11- at thelmomentof initial starting or speeding up of the motor or other apparatus istherefore quite slow; and continues so until the oil in the entiresystem is brought to the desiredtemperabringing the main flow pathincludes the radiator or cooling unit through which oil is automaticallydeflected as its temperature increases and its viscosity becomes less.Means are provided which are responsive to theviscosity of the oil'fordirecting "the oil to one path or the other; or bothfias the oilcondition dictates, and means are likewise provided for effecting aninterchange of heat between the oil flowing through the bypass and theoil in the radiator unit to result in oil in both paths to approximatelythe same condition of temperature and viscosity as quickly as possiblefrom the moment of initial oil flow of oil through the by-pass circuit.

An object of the invention is to provide a congealable liquidconditioning deviceof simple construction, and capable. of beingeconomically manufactured, and which will be eflicient in operation,uniform in action, automatically. controlled, and unlikely to get-out ofrepair.

Another object of the invention is .to provide a congealable liquidconditioning device wherein the circulation of oil therethroughiscontrolled by the degree of viscosity of the oil.

A further object of the invention is to provide a congealable liquidconditioning device embodying means for rapidly conditioning oil andthereafter maintaining it at the propertemperature and viscosity for themostefllcient and economical functioning and y A further object of theinvention isto provide a congealable liquid conditioning device forlubrication 'systemsyand to'provide means for quickly and automaticallythawing congealed lubricant to relieve congestion within the coolingunit and thereafter maintain a substantially ture and viscosity whichheretofore has required considerable time, during which period thelubrieating o l does'not have the maximum flow and lubricating qualitiesdesired.

The present invention provides a radiator or cooler unit for use in anoil circulatory system whercin the oil is circulated under pressure andsubjected to heat, and which radiator or cooler rnit embodies twoalternative flow paths including a by-pass patl! adapted to initiallycirculate a small portion of the oil supply through the ap paratus to belubricated over and over again for quickly bringing such small portionot the oil to the desired temperature and viscosity. The

equalized temperature of 'theqiubricant.-

A further object of the invention is to provide a congealableliquidconditioning device having the advantageous featuresofconstruction and meritorious characteristics herein-mentioned.

With the above primaryand other incidental objects in view as will morefully appear in the specification, the invention consists of the fea-.tures ofconstruction, the parts: and combina tions thereof, and the'modeof operatiomor its equivalent, as hereinafter described and setforth inthe claims. J

Referring to the accompanying drawings,

wherein is shown the preferred but obviously not necessarily the onlyform of embodiment'of the invention: I a

Fig. 1 is a side elevation of a congealable liquid conditioninginvention. 7 u I v Pig. 2 is an end elevation of the device shownv vjdrical "shed i in the mentseach filled employed;

1' jacket themotor or power unit e (J m n: Pr W ,i c other fluidentering the inelti of, the jacket ordiato'ror? 136 L- ianand viscosityof are; disposed oppositely 1 ximni'the iacket or' shellDnebtltheiiahgesl forms a part of an opening a I I leading from theradiator or' coretothe' outlet 12 oi';the-valveniechanismgl.lThe-otherflange 9 i .iorm'a partroii an opening from-thedacket or 7opening there is disposed a valve towards a position oiclosingthe theia'cketor shell Send the valve mechanism 8 device embodying the ideas ofthis in Fig.1.

' Fig. 3 is a side elevation of the device shown in 1 and showing theintercommunicating ports 1 between the by-pass and the radiator or'coreporf tion of the congealable liquids conditioning de-' ,7 vice shown inFig. 1, thisview being or the oppo;

lite 'sideof the device from that side shownln Figure 4 is a fragmentaryperspective view,

the oil flow paths ditioning device.

' Like parts are indicated by similar-"characters i oi referencethroughout the several views.

' partly in section, showing theconstruction 01 and" in the ,congealableliquid con accuse"? ditlonlng device that at the start as so fardescribed, assuming of operation of the motor the lubricant is of lowtemperature and high viscosity. and at which time the lubricant withinthe radiator or core of the conditioning device will be congealed,'0nbeginning of operation of the motor lubricant enters at inlet 6 underpressure and flows through the Jacket 01' shell-5 in the directionindicated by the arrows.' Oil pressure in the jacket or shell 5 will beexerted through the inlet or opening 1 on the interior of the radiatoror core of the device.

However, with the lubricant in such radiator or core in congealedcondition the resistance to flow of lubricant in a tortuous path throughthe radiator or core will be greater than i theclosing' efl'ect oi thespring I on the valve l8 which controls Referring to the drawings,therefis shown a r radiator or heat .e xchange'unit which may be of 1any suitable type, but'which for illustrative pur- Wposesis shown as ofa tubular air cooled type v auch'as V commonly usedin automobile andaircraft r diatorsg'The I preferred form shown diinto a successionof'compart; with parallel tubes 3, (Fig. 3) open at ,their'endsior fiowofjair therethrough V and spaced apart @to form fio'w' passages therebe-'tween'iorcirculation of oilonother liquid to be 5 cooled.Interaconnecting ports 4 between the compartments of the radiator; inthe are provided baiiiesi ataltemating endsof the radiator where-a ytheoil or, other fluidflowin'g'throughthe radiator follows a tortuous pathinpassing from one compartment ,to the next." 'The' heat dissipationobtainable in a cooler, for example,is directly pro-f I vllroi'tiifu?.te to the'leng'th or I the cooler; Obviously, forms of air cooledradiator I Q construction other, than hated maybe utilized or, forsome'installations, similartype heat exchange unit a water cooled orSurrounding theadiator or--cooler unit s a or shell?! forming aconducting passage through which oil-or other fluid flows undercerlecketl isconnected-toaninlet 6 leading from (not shown), an'd an ingmeans whereby oilxor l may fundercertain conditions of. viscosity antemperature or the lubricant or other fluid,

the radiator'or core andtravjelin a tortuous around th e l'utilles'[through such radiator (later "4 A; one: form iormedby the shell orJacket 5 or through the radanceywith the temperathe tubular form illus-M oii means" for contrc'illing the now oi' lubrica'nt or other fluidthrough the passage" -the"oil,' there tis "shown a i 7 conditions, the

the outlet opening from the jacket valve mechanism 8. Under theselubricant entering the inlet 0 under pressure will flow completelyaroundthe radiator or core through the jacket or shell I to or shelltothe force the valve 13 open, past which the lubricant radiatorconsists of a cylin-.

flows through the valve mechanism 8 to the outa let it Suchconditionexists until the lubricant within the radiator or core has becomesufiiciently warm and low in viscosity that the pressure necessary toforce the lubricant through passages formed 'by the bellies 2 and theradiator or core is less than the closing the pressure necessary toovercome whereupon effect of the spring IE on thevalve l3 the valve itwill close and the lubricant will ilow from the inlet 6 around theright-hand portion of the flow path through the jacket or shell 5 asshown in Figs. 1 and 2 and thencethrough vthe inlet or opening 7 intothe baiiied interior of the radiator or flowing through a tortuous pathas indicated by the'arrows in Fig. 1, will flow out of the conditioningdevice through the opening 1! in the shell mechanism 8 herein describedis predetermined; temperaturcand viscosity conditions as'will behereinafter-apparent. The

ing-the oilin the radiator 'or core-so that oil will flow freelytherethrough or, in addition to v valve-mechanism t mountedon'suitable'flanges 9 I which mm a part'oithe heat exchange limit and shell! to thevalvemechanism 8. --In this latter opening between 17 V byaspringil. v ha .fIn-theoperation oi this congealable liquid con to the inlet oropening 1' 5 to the radiator or core.-

H which is urged a 1 'type'soi' valve mechanisms may the shell timenecessary. to. .warm the congealed l and through the outlet l! of thevalve mechanism 8. It "will be understood that the valve 7 shown merelyfor illustrative purposes and that various other be used as, forexample, one including a valve l3 whose opened and closed position isgoverned by a thermostatic device. It will also be understood that theflow circuitherein disclosed is illustrative of only one embodiment ofthe invention, and that the device is susceptible to change as regardsthe flow circuit without departing from the scope of the invention; 7 II y Itghas heretofore been accepted practice to provide for heatexchange between the oil flowing around thejacket i and the congealedoil in the radiator or'core for the purpose of warmheat exchange betweenL the oil flowing through the Jacket or shelL-t provide one or morebypassesthrough the; central partoi' the radiator or core;

;In either-event such heat exchange musttake placeby-conduction of heatthrough |,or through the walls of the 'by-passu the radithat the 'oil'in the radiator oricorenis considerable since the heat which aredisposed diametrically across ator .or-core. It isvtherefore evidenti'must first passjthrough the shell I or through walls of the by-passesand thence gradually to ward the center of thera'diatoror core.

In. accordance with this inventiomit is relatively immaterialthatthejacket or shell 5 serve as other than a, how path for the oil.Small holes: or openings 15 havebeen provided in the core, and after ntplim'llity or levels between the inlet 11 to the rediotor or core andthe outlet thereof, and the holes are so arranged as to providecommunicotton from the jacket or shell to the radiator or coreintermediate adjacent bellies in the rediotor or core, I

with such construction, considering the oil in the radiator or core asbeing in congealed uitlon, when the motor isstarted and oil underpressure is supplied to the inlet 6, the oil will first flow round theradiator or core through the locket or shell 5 ashereinbefore described.Since this oil is under pressure and fince to predetermined backpressure is created hy reason of the loading of the valve is by springas. such oil under pressure flowing through the inclret or shell 5 willseek the path of least resietence which will be through the holes oromnlngs it in the radiator or core shell l. Oil

under pressure flowing through the smell openlugs to will increaseconsiderably in velocity end impinge directly on the congealed oil inthe redlsi'or or accent diilerent levels between the to end the outletfrom the radiator. Such impingement of the hot oil on the conoll withinthe radiator or core will result s quent raising of the'temperature ofthe ong cued oll within the radiator or core and a lessening of theviscosity thereof.

it hes been found in practice that the pressure to force thecongealed'oil out of the top section of the radiator or core illustratedls'conslderubly less than that required to force the oil out of the nextsection between the top bullied section and the inlet 7 of the radiatoror core, and that for each succeeding section rmtn the top sectiontoward the inlet l the presnecessury to iorce the oil out of suchsucceeding sections becomes correspondingly specter. That is, whenpressure is applied from the oil flowing through the jacket or shell tolirect diffusion and transfer of heat with ,or core at a plurality ofpoints intermediate the inlet and outlet of the rediatorror core.Fressure is also exerted by such lubricant entering the openings todisplace congealed lubricant initially in the sectlonstowhich theopeningsleed.

That is, the construction is such that there is direct trensier of heatfrom one portion of the lubricsntto another end a dillusion oi ennuitioned or heated lubrlcsntthroughout the reelin tor or core from cmultiplicity of points.

I claim:

l. A liquid conditioning device for use in c. liquid circulating systemwherein a liquid, the viscosity of which varies progressively withchanges in temperaturels circulated under pressure and subjected toheat, including a radiator body having an outlet disposed atone sidethereof, and having a passage for circulation oi the liquid, and throughwhich passage the llguld flows in heat exchange relationship with ccooling medium, a. warm liquid conduit disposed in heat exchangerelationship with the body and having an inlet and a pair of spacedoutlets, one oi seld conduit outlets being disposed at the opposite theinterior of the radiator or core through the j openings it the topbafiled section of the radiator or core will warm up and oil will ilowtherethrough first with the next succeeding sections between the topbaflied section and the inlet l venting into flow condition in seriatimuntil timlly all of the sections are warmed and oil will i flowingthrough the inlet l and thence through the radiator or core to theoutlet i2 since the pressure necessary to force the oil through thebellied radiator or core is less than that necessary to move the valvel3 off its seat against the resistance of the spring it.

fiorrespondingly, since multiple pathsare provided for oil iiow from thejacket or shell 5 to the radiator or core insteadpi only one inlet, suchas the inlet 1, being provided, the pressure drop across the radiator orcore, or that pres-c sure necessary to cause ilow ofoil through the bsection of the core becomes correspondingly It will be understood thatthe size and relative disposition of'the small holes or openings is maybe varied to accommodate different conditions and requirements.

side ofthe radiator from the outlet of the letter and iormingsn inlet tothe radiator body, sold conduit outlets further being so positioned withrespect to the conduit lnletthat a. portion of the heat of the warmliquid flowing through the conduit will be transferred to the liquid inthe radiator body before said warm liquid passes throughany of saidoutlets, means disposed between'the conduit outlets for relieving thepressure on the warm liquid flowing through said conduit when thepressure exceeds a predetermined maxlmum. and by-epess means other thanthe conduit lnlet'and the conduit outlet lee. to the radiator body forcontinuously causing a portion of the warm liquid flowing under pmsure'through the conduit to be by-passed into the liquid contained in theradiator body, by the vliquid contained within the radiator r isconditioned and caused to flow through the body. c I p 2. A liquidconditioning device for use in a liquid circulating system wherein aliquid, the viscosity of which varies progressively with changes intemperature, is circulated under pressure and subjected to heat,including a radiator body having an outlet dis'posedet one side thereof.and having a passage for circulation of thevllquld. and through whichpassage the liquid flows in heat exchange relationship with :a. "coolingmedium. a warm liquid conduit disposed in host exchange relationshi withthe body and having an inlet and a pair of spaced outlets, one of saidconduit outlets being disposed fat the opposite side of the radiatorfrom the outlet of the letter and forming an inlet to the'radietor body,said conduit outlets further being so positioned with respect to theconduit inlet that a ponion of the heat of the warm liquid flowingthrough the side of the conduit will be transferred to the liquid in theradiator body before said warm liquid passes through any'of saidoutlets, means disposed bee tween the conduit outlets for relieving thepressure on the warm liquid flowing through said conduit when thepressure exceedsa predetermined'maxirnum, and a plurality of spacedbyeleading to the radiator body for continuously passmeans other thantheconduit inlet and the conduit outletleading to the radiator body, forcontinuously causing a portion of the warm liquid flowing;underpressurethrough the, conduit to be by-passedjat a multiplicity oipoints into the .liquid contained iin'the radiator body, whereby theliquid contained within the radiator body is conditioned and caused toflow through the body. 3; A liquid'conditioning device for use in aliquid circulating system' wherein a liquid, the

viscosity of which; varies progressively with changes in temperature, iscirculated under pressure and subjected to heat, including a radiatorbody having an outlet disposed at one'side thereof and having a. passagefor circulation of the liquid; and through which passage the liquidflows in heatexchange relationship with a cooling*m edium, a'warmliquid'conduit disposed in heat exchahge relationship with the body andhaving an inlet and a 'pair of spaced outlets, one

of said conduit outlets being disposed at the opposite side of theradiator from the outlet of the latter and, iorrnin'gfan ;inlet to theradiator body,

said conduit outlets further being so positioned with respect to theconduit inlet that a portion of -the' heat of the warm liquid flowingthrough the conduit will be transferredtothe liquid in the radiator bodybefore said warin liquid passes through any of said'outlets, meansdisposed between the conduitoutlets for relieving the pressure on thewarm liquid flowing through said conduit when the 'pmssure exceeds apredetermined maximum, and a plurality of spaced bypass means other thanthe conduitiinlet and the conduit outlet leading to the radiator body,for,v

continuously causing 'a portion otrthe warm liquid flowing underpressure through the conduit I -to be by-passed at a'rnultiplicity ofpoints ihto' the liquid contained in the radiatorfbo y, saidv last namedmeans onone side or the. conduit J outlet leading to the radiator bodybeing less in' number than those onithe other side ofsaid conduit outlet30' as to .substantiallyequalize the transfer of heatfbetween the liquidflowing. through thejconduit and the liquid contained in V the body,iwhereby the-liquid contained within r,

through the body, a

V 4. A liquid conditioningdevice'ioruse' in a the body ,is conditionedand caused to: flow viscosity "01" which varies pl' fl 'ssively withchanges in temperature, is circulated under presconduitoutlets beingdisposed at the opposite and-tormingan inlet to radiator body, saidconduit outlets further beingtso positioned with respect to theconduit'inletthat a portionfoi' the heat of the warm liquid flowingthrough the con- 7 duit will be transferred tothe liquid in the radiatorbody before said warm liquid passes through causing aflportion of thewarm liquid flowing passed into the liquid contained in the radiatorbody, said by-pass means being greater in hum ber'between the conduitoutlets than those between the conduit inlet and the conduit outletleading to the radiator body, whereby to substantiallyequalize thetransfer of heat between the liquid flowing in the conduit and theliquid contained in the radiator body.

5. A liquid conditioning device for use in a liquid circulating systemwherein a liquid, the viscosity of which varies progressively withchanges in temperature, is circulated under pressure andsubjected toheat, including a radiator body having an outlet disposed at one sidethereof, and having a passage for circulation oi the liquid, and throughwhich passage the liquid flows in heat exchange relationship with acooling medium, a warm liquid conduit disposed in heat exchange'relationshipwith the body and having an inlet and a pair of spacedoutlets, one of said conduit outlets being disposed at the opposite sideof the radiator from the outlet of the latter and forming an inlet tothe radiator body, said conduit outlets further being so positioned withrespect to the conduit inlet that a portion of the heat of the warmliquid flowing through irieansdisposed between the conduit outlets forrelieving the pressure on the wann'liquid flowing through said conduitwhen the pressure exceeds a predetermined maximum, and by-pass meansliquid circulating system wherein-a liquid, the

radiator-"from theoutletof the latter,

other than the conduit inlet and the conduit outlet which-leads to theradiator body, for continuously causing a portion of the warm liquidflowing through the conduit to be by-passed into the liquid contained ineach 01' said cooling zones, whereby the. liquid contained in saidcooling zonesfis, conditioned and caused to flow therethrough,

6. A liquid conditioning device for use in a liquid circulating systemwherein a liquid, the viscosity of which varies progressively withchanges in temperature, is circulated under pressure and subjected toheat, including a radiator body having outlet disposed a} one sidethereof, and having a passage for circulation of the liquid, and throughwhich passage the liquid flows in heat exchange relationship with acooling medium, a warm liquid conduit disposed in heat exchangerelationship with the body and having an inlet and a pair of spacedoutlets, one of said conduit outlets being disposed at the oppositesideoi the radiator from the outlet of the latter and Iorniing'an inletto the radiator body, said conduit outlets further being so positionedwith respect to the conduit inlet that. a portion of the heat of thewarm liquid flowingthrough the conduit will be transferred to the liquidin the radiator body before said warm liquid passes through continuouslycausing a inlet to the the warm liquid flowing any'of 'said outlets,means disposed between the conduit outlets for relieving the pressure onthe warm liquid flowing through said conduit when,

the pressure exceeds a predeterminedmaximum, and by-passmeans otherthanthe conduit outlet be transferred to the liquidin the adiator nody wbefore said warm liquid passes ,through'any oi the. outlets, meansprovidinga pluralityv of liquid 7 cooling zones within said radiatorbody, said .coolleading to the radiator body, for continuously? causinga portion of thewarmrliunid flowingunder pressure through the conduit-tobe bypassedinto the liquid contained in the radiator body, said conduitinlet being disposed adjacent to the outlet of the radiator body. sothat the heat of the-warm liquid enteringthezconduit inlet istransferreddirectlyto the ,liquid in the area of the body adjacent the: body outletand then to the remainder of the liquid in the body in'progressivelydecreasing degrees of temperature toward the outlet or the conduit whichforms the inlet .to said radiator body, whereby the liquid containedwithin the radiator body is con.

ditioned and caused to flow through the body. b

'l. A liquidconditioning device for use in a ing zones beinginterconnected to form a continuous flow path from the outlet of theconduit,

which forms the inlet to the radiator body, to the outlet of thelatter,"; means disposed between the conduit outlets forrelieving'thepressure on the warm'liquid flowing through said conduit when thepressure exceeds a predetermined maximum, and by-pass means other thanthe conduit inlet and the conduit outlet which leads to the radiatorbody, for continuouslycausing aportion oi the warm liquidflowingthroughthe conduit to be bypassed into the liquid contained infleach. ofsaid. cooling izones, said by-pass means being disposed so as, to lieclosely adjacent'tothe radiator body outlet'and the inlet of the warmliquidconduit,

liquid circulating system wherein a liquid, the viscosity of whichvaries lationshipwith the body and having an inletand a a pair of spacedoutlets, one of said conduit out,-

progressively with changesin temperature, is circulated under pressureand.

passage the liquid flows in. heat 1 i lets being-disposed at theopposite sides. of the radiator from the outlet-of the latter andforming an inlet to the radiator body, said conduit outlets furtherbeing so the warm liquid flowing through the conduit will be transferredto the liquidin the-radiator body 40 said outlets, means disposedbetween theconduit before said warm-liquid passes through any of outletsfor relieving the pressure on the warm liquid flowing through saidconduit when the pressure'exceeds a predetermined maximum, and "Dy-=3pass means other than the conduit inlet and the conduit outlet leadingtothe radiator body, for

flowing under pressure through the conduit to be by-passed into theliquid contained in the radiator body, said conduit inlet and radiatoroutlet being disposed at substantially the same sideof the radiator bodyso that the liquid passing through the conduit follows a flow pathreverse to the normal liquid flow path through the radiator body,whereby the liquid contained; within the radiator body is conditionedand caused to flow through the body.

8. A liquid conditioning device for use in a liquid circulating systemwherein a liquid, the viscosity of which varies progressively withchanges in temperature, is circulated under pressure and subjected toheat, including a radiator body having an outlet disposed at one sidethereof, and having a passage for circulation of the liquid, and throughwhich passage the liquid flows in heat exchange relationship with acooling medium, a warm liquid conduit disposed in heat exchangerelationship with the body and having an inlet stud a pair of spacedoutlets, one of said conduit "being disposed at the opposite side of theradiator-"1mm the outlet of th latter and formradiator body, saidconduit outlets further being-so positioned with respect to the conduitinlet that a portion of the heat of through the conduit will portion ofthe warm liquid positioned with respect to the conduit inlet that aportion of the heat of 'whereby'the liquid contained within the-radiatorto flow through body is, conditioned and caused the'radiatorbody. a i i;9. A liquid conditioning device for use. in a liquid circulating systemwhereina liquid, the vis-,

cosity of whichvaries progressively with;. changes in temperature, iscirculated under pressure :and subjectedto heat, including a radiatorbody having an outlet,iand having a passage for circulation of theliquid,and through which passagethe, liquid flows in heat exchangerelationship with a cooling medium, a warm liquid conduitv disposed inheatexchange relationshipwiththe body and having an inlet and apair, ofspacedoutlets, one of said conduit outlets forming an inlet to theradiator body, said conduit outletsbeing so positioned with respect tothe conduit inlet that a portion .of the heat of the warm liquid flowingthrough the conduit will be transferredto the, liquidin the radiatorbody before said warm liquid passes through any of said outlets, meansdisposed betweenthe conduit outlets for relieving the pres-' sure on thewarm liquid flowing through said conduit when the pressure exceeds apredetermined maximum, and by-pass means other thanthe conduit inlet andthe conduit outlet leading to the radiator body, for continuouslycausing a portion oifthe wannliquid flowing underpressure through theconduit to be ,by-passed into the .liquid contained in the radiatorbody, whereby the liquid contained within the radiator body isconditioned and caused to flowthrough' the body.

10. A liquid conditioning device for. use, in a liquid circulatingsystem wherein aiiquid, the

viscosity of which varies progressively with changes in temperature,iscirculated under pressure and subjected to heat,.including a radiatorbody having an outlet, and having a passage for circulation of theliquid, and through which passage the liquid flows in heat exchangerelationship with a cooling medium, a warm liquid conduit disposed inheat exchang relationship with the body and having an inlet and a pairof spaced outlets, one of said conduit outlets forming an inlet to theradiator body, said conduit outlets being so positioned with respect tothe conduit inlet that a portion of the heat of the warm liquid flowingthrough the conduit will be transferred to the liquid in the radiatorbody before said warm liquid passes through at leastone' of saidoutletameans disposed between the conduit outlets for relieving thepressure on the warm liquid flowing through said conduit when thepressure exceeds a predetermined maximum, and by-pass means other thanthe conduit'inlet and the conduit outlet leading to the radiator body,for continuously 'termineddegree. V

a portion of the warm liquid flowing under pr'essurethrough theconduit'tobe lay-Passed into the liquid 'containedin the radiator body.where'- by the liquid contained within the radiator body, isconditionedand' caused to flow through the" 11. Al liquid conditioningdevice ror Tu ein a.,

with changes in temperatureAs circulated under pressure and subiected toheat, including a radiatorbody havingvinlet and outlet opeiiinss and.iormed toprovide aflow path itherebetween,

means for introducing lubrieantunder heat and pressure into the inlet ofthe radiator body. m

- fo continuously introducing a part of the lubriliquid circulatinzystemwherein a liquid, theviscosity of; which varies iprogressively withchanges in temperature; is circulated under pressure and subiectedtoheat; includinga radiator body having an outlet, andhaving a passage forcirculation oi the liquid, and throuah which pasv sage the-liquid'flowsin heatexchange relationship with a cooling medium-swarm liquid con--duit'ha' ving an'inlet'and's pair 01' spacedoutlets, one' oi. saidconduit outlets forming an inlet I to I the radiator body, said conduitoutlets: being so a cant flowing under heat and pressure in thelubricant introducing means, into. the liquid in positioned-withrespecttothe conduit inlet-that said" conduit when thebefore said'warmliquid I1 whereby the liquid'contflm within the radiator abody=isconditioned=and causedto flow throusht 12. A lubricant system,wherein a mbrica'nt.

ot wmeh [varies progressively with ehang; esintem anuj ubieeteu to heat.includinga radiator body inlet and outlet oimlints'and formed to providea 'flow path therebetween, mean flior introducin'g lubricant under heatand into the inletioi" theradia'tor'body, means for continuouslyintroducing a part'ot the lubricant is'circulated under pres-fconditioning device ior use in a 35:

flowing" under heat andpressurein'the lubricant introducing means,- intothe liquid in the flow path of the radiatorbody an po nt-between inletand outlet or the latterso as to reduce the radiator bodyg and means to:maintainingpres; i sure on the inooming -luhrieantand ior relievingsaid, pressure wh'enthe latter 'reaches a prede- 13. A lubricantconditioning device ior use in a lubricant circulatins system. wherein alubricant, the viscosity of'iwhichvaries proliressively v sure andsubjected to heat, including a having inlet and outlet openings andtermed; to provide ,a flow path therebetweem;

- n ncontinuousiyintroducing a part 0! the l flowing-under heat andpressure in the lubricant introducing means, into: the liquid inztheflow .path or th radiator body atrspaced points lie-v the 110w path ofthe radiator body toatleast one 1 side-offithe inlet of the latter so asto the viscosity of the lubricant in said flow path of the radiatorbody, and means ior-maintainins' pressure'on-the incoming lubricant andfor renem ampresme when the latter predetermined-Rune: L a v 14. Anlubricant conditionina deyice for mm lubricant eirculatingsystem,whereina the viscosity of which" .varies progressively with 1 changes intemperature; is circulated under rfldlltoi' introducing'uluhricant underheat and-ii v into the. inlet oi .the=radiator tween the inletandoutle't Ofthe latteriso as to reduce the iscosity oi the lubricantinsaid flow path of theradiatorbody, and means for taining pressure ontheincomingllubricantaa'nd for. relieving; said pressure when th latter.v

reaches a;predetermined'desree'.

having an inlet andan outlet and in which Idea whichconsists in flowingoil'under heat andsure into heat transmitting relation withsthooiln bodyin the conflned'spaee and'directinl Itch flowing oil through the inletor the conflned and'againstthe 011 body there'in'to compel a o i'saidbody through said conflned space said" bodyis conditioned ior such flow,said flowing oil under-heat and pressure being additionviscosity ofthelubrieant in-saidflow path or the 0- 1 tilizeddirectlyi andcontinually subject 1 v the oil'body inthe conflned space to the heatand pressure contact-'thereoi at; spaced points between the inlet andthe outlet of the conflned space seas-to condition theoil body in thecon- C5 flned space for flow and to maintain the same in a conditionoirfluidlty. v M AILANQHOPMAN.

15.A :method 01- conditioning a circulathg; body oi' oilior' an engine,where such bodyiot soil is directedthrougha conflned coolins .aoe

